An automatic watch stopping is usually normal. It runs on stored energy in the mainspring, and that reserve eventually runs out when the watch is not worn.
Getting it running again takes a few minutes. The exact crown positions vary, so use the manual for your model when available.
Step 1: Check the crown
If the watch has a screw-down crown, turn it counterclockwise until it releases from the case. Do not pull hard. A standard crown can usually be pulled directly into its setting positions.
Step 2: Wind the watch
With the crown in the winding position, turn it clockwise slowly. Around 20 to 40 turns is enough for many automatic movements to start with a useful reserve, but the correct number varies by movement.
Some older or entry-level automatic movements do not support hand winding. If the crown turns without winding, gently move the watch from side to side for a short time instead. Never shake it violently.
Step 3: Move the hands away from the date-change zone
Before using a quick-set date, move the hands to about 6:30. This keeps the movement away from the hours when the calendar mechanism is often engaged.
Many watches should not have their quick-set date changed late at night or during the early morning. The exact danger window varies, but roughly 9 p.m. to 3 a.m. is a useful conservative rule. The manual wins if it gives different instructions.
Step 4: Set the date
Pull the crown to the date position and advance the date to the day before the correct date. If the watch has a day wheel, set that as well.
Then pull the crown to the time-setting position and move the hands forward until the date changes. That tells you the hands have crossed midnight, not noon. Continue forward to the correct time.
Step 5: Set the exact time
If the movement hacks, the seconds hand will stop when the crown is pulled fully out. Wait for your reference time to reach the displayed seconds, then push the crown in.
If the movement does not hack, set it as closely as practical. A mechanical watch does not need quartz-level synchronization to be useful.
Step 6: Close the crown
Push the crown fully home. For a screw-down crown, press it gently toward the case while turning clockwise until it catches, then tighten it finger-snug. Do not cross-thread or overtighten it.
After setting
Wear the watch normally so the rotor can maintain the reserve. If it stops again overnight after a proper wind and a full day of wear, the movement may need regulation or service. A sedentary day can also provide less winding than expected.
For movement basics, read our complete automatic watch owner's guide.